Textbook page 60 & 61 || Class eleven and twelve || Unit: Three Myths and Literature Lesson 3 The Legend of Gazi || English first paper ||Word meaning, Bangla meaning, mcq, short questions and summary ||
Discussion on Indigenous Art
a. What is meant by indigenous art?
Indigenous art refers to the traditional and cultural expressions of native or aboriginal communities. It is often passed down through generations and reflects the beliefs, customs, and stories of a particular indigenous group. This form of art can include paintings, carvings, textiles, pottery, and other artistic expressions that are deeply connected to nature, spirituality, and daily life.
b. Have you seen a paar or scroll painting?
Yes, scroll paintings, also known as "patachitra" in India, "paubha" in Nepal, or "phad" in Rajasthan, are traditional narrative artworks painted on fabric or paper. These paintings often tell religious, mythological, or folk stories through a series of images arranged in a sequence.
c. If so, what are some of the images depicted in it?
Scroll paintings usually depict deities, folk heroes, historical events, and moral stories. For example, Indian patachitra paintings often illustrate scenes from the Ramayana or Mahabharata, while Bangladeshi or West Bengali scroll paintings showcase social issues or folk tales with expressive characters and vibrant colors.
d. What other forms of indigenous art can you think of?
Some other forms of indigenous art include:
- Rock and cave paintings (e.g., Bhimbetka rock shelters in India, Aboriginal rock art in Australia)
- Wood carvings (e.g., Maori totems, African tribal masks)
- Pottery and ceramics (e.g., Acoma pottery from Native American tribes)
- Textile art and weaving (e.g., Navajo rugs, Andean textiles)
- Beadwork and jewelry (e.g., Maasai beadwork, Native American dreamcatchers)
- Tattooing and body painting (e.g., Polynesian tattoos, Indigenous Australian body art)
Here are some important words from the passage with their meanings in Bangla, along with synonyms and antonyms:
| Word | Meaning (Bangla) | Synonym | Antonym |
|---|---|---|---|
| Legend | কিংবদন্তি | Myth, Tale | Reality |
| Myth | পৌরাণিক কাহিনি | Folklore, Fable | Fact |
| Saint | সাধু / পীর | Holy man, Sage | Sinner |
| Miracle | অলৌকিক ঘটনা | Wonder, Marvel | Ordinary |
| Depicted | চিত্রিত করা | Portrayed, Illustrated | Hidden |
| Scroll | পুঁথি | Manuscript, Parchment | - |
| Fierce | ভয়ঙ্কর | Ferocious, Intense | Gentle |
| Dangerous | বিপজ্জনক | Hazardous, Perilous | Safe |
| Jungle | অরণ্য / জঙ্গল | Forest, Woods | City |
| Threatened | হুমকির সম্মুখীন | Endangered, Menaced | Protected |
| Predatory | শিকারী | Hunting, Carnivorous | Prey |
| Vigilant | সতর্ক | Watchful, Alert | Careless |
| Presence | উপস্থিতি | Existence, Appearance | Absence |
| Enable | সক্ষম করা | Empower, Allow | Disable |
| Cultivate | চাষ করা | Grow, Farm | Neglect |
| Protection | সুরক্ষা | Safety, Security | Danger |
| Preserved | সংরক্ষিত | Maintained, Saved | Destroyed |
| Folk | লোক | Traditional, Popular | Modern |
| Literature | সাহিত্য | Writings, Books | Illiteracy |
| Art | শিল্প | Craft, Creativity | Destruction |
| Perform | প্রদর্শন করা | Act, Execute | Fail |
| Indigenous | স্থানীয় | Native, Aboriginal | Foreign |
| Theatre | নাট্যশালা | Drama, Stage | Reality |
| Collection | সংগ্রহ | Compilation, Assortment | Dispersion |
| Museum | জাদুঘর | Gallery, Exhibition | - |
The Legend of Gazi – Line by Line Bangla Meaning
-
According to some myths and legends, Gazi Pir was a Muslim saint who is said to have spread Islam in the parts of Bengal close to the Sunderbans.
কিছু পুরাণ ও কিংবদন্তি অনুসারে, গাজী পীর একজন মুসলিম সাধক ছিলেন, যিনি সুন্দরবনের কাছাকাছি বাংলার কিছু অঞ্চলে ইসলাম প্রচার করেছিলেন। -
He was credited with many miracles.
তাকে অনেক অলৌকিক কীর্তির জন্য কৃতিত্ব দেওয়া হয়। -
For example, he could supposedly calm dangerous animals and make them docile.
উদাহরণস্বরূপ, বলা হয় যে তিনি বিপজ্জনক প্রাণীদের শান্ত করতে পারতেন এবং তাদের বশীভূত করতে পারতেন। -
He is usually depicted in paats or scroll paintings riding a fierce-looking Bengal tiger, a snake in his hand, but in no apparent danger.
সাধারণত, পাত বা স্ক্রোল চিত্রকর্মে তাকে এক ভয়ঙ্কর চেহারার বাঘের পিঠে চড়তে দেখা যায়, হাতে একটি সাপ থাকে, তবে তিনি কোনো বিপদের মধ্যে থাকেন না। -
According to some stories, he also fought crocodiles who threatened the people of the region full of canals and creeks, indeed, a kind of watery jungle bordering the Bay of Bengal.
কিছু গল্প অনুসারে, তিনি কুমিরদের সাথেও লড়াই করেছিলেন যারা অঞ্চলটির জনগণকে ভয় দেখাতো, যেখানে অনেক খাল ও ছোট নদী ছিল—অর্থাৎ এটি এক ধরনের জলাভূমি বন, যা বঙ্গোপসাগরের সীমানায় অবস্থিত। -
Because of his alert and vigilant presence, all predatory animals were said to have been kept within bounds.
তার সতর্ক ও তীক্ষ্ণ উপস্থিতির কারণে বলা হয় যে সমস্ত শিকারী প্রাণী নিয়ন্ত্রণের মধ্যে ছিল। -
It was also believed that he enabled villagers to live close to forests and jungles and cultivate their lands.
এটিও বিশ্বাস করা হত যে তিনি গ্রামবাসীদের বন ও জঙ্গলের কাছাকাছি বসবাস করতে এবং তাদের জমি চাষ করতে সাহায্য করেছিলেন। -
Consequently, people of these regions would pray to him for protection.
ফলে, এই অঞ্চলের মানুষ তার কাছে সুরক্ষার জন্য প্রার্থনা করতো। -
The story of Gazi Pir has been preserved in folk literature as well as art and has been performed in indigenous theatre.
গাজী পীরের গল্প লোকসাহিত্য ও শিল্পকলায় সংরক্ষিত রয়েছে এবং এটি স্থানীয় থিয়েটারেও পরিবেশিত হয়েছে। -
Some Gazir paat scrolls are part of the collection of the British Museum.
কিছু গাজীর পাত স্ক্রোল ব্রিটিশ মিউজিয়ামের সংগ্রহের অংশ।
Meanings of the Words
Legends – Traditional stories or myths, often about historical or mythical figures, passed down through generations.
Vigilant – Being watchful and alert, especially to avoid danger or problems.
Docile – Easily managed, controlled, or gentle in behavior.
Predatory – Relating to animals that hunt and kill others for food; also can mean exploitative or harmful in a figurative sense.
Scroll – A long roll of paper or fabric containing written or illustrated content, often used for storytelling or record-keeping.
Creeks – Small streams or narrow waterways, often connected to larger bodies of water.
Indigenous – Originating naturally in a particular place or belonging to native people of a region.
Collection – A group of objects, artworks, or items gathered together, often for display or preservation.
Answer Question No. D
Answers to the Questions
a. What kind of extraordinary power did Gazi have?
Gazi Pir was believed to have miraculous powers, including the ability to calm dangerous animals like tigers and snakes, making them docile. He was also said to have fought crocodiles that threatened the people living in the Sundarbans region. His presence was believed to keep predatory animals in check, ensuring the safety of villagers.
b. What was the geographical nature of the region where Gazi performed his miracles?
The region where Gazi Pir performed his miracles was characterized by dense forests, jungles, and a network of canals and creeks. It was a watery jungle bordering the Bay of Bengal, particularly the Sundarbans, which is known for its rich biodiversity, including Bengal tigers and crocodiles.
c. Why, do you think, was Gazi admired in parts of rural Bangladesh for a long time?
Gazi Pir was admired because he was believed to protect villagers from wild animals, allowing them to live safely near forests and cultivate their lands. His legend brought a sense of security to the people, and they prayed to him for protection. His story became an important part of local folklore, reinforcing his role as a guardian of the region.
d. What are the different art forms in which the myth of Gazi is kept alive in Bangladesh and even outside the country?
The myth of Gazi Pir has been preserved in various art forms, including:
- Scroll paintings (Gazir Paat) – Traditional narrative art that visually depicts his miracles.
- Folk literature – Oral and written stories that recount his legendary deeds.
- Indigenous theatre – Performances that dramatize his miracles and role in protecting people.
- Museum collections – Some Gazir Paat scrolls are preserved in the British Museum, keeping the legend alive outside Bangladesh.
Analysis of Transitional and Emphatic Words in "The Legend of Gazi"
The passage contains words and phrases such as "for example," "also," "indeed," and "consequently" that help structure the text smoothly. These words belong to the category of adverbs or conjunctions and serve different purposes:
-
Words used for emphasis:
- Indeed: Used to reinforce an idea or fact.
- For example: Used to provide specific instances to clarify a statement.
-
Words used for transitions:
- Also: Used to add another point to the discussion.
- Consequently: Used to show cause and effect.
Why are these words needed in the passage?
These words help to make the passage more cohesive and clear by:
- Connecting ideas logically.
- Emphasizing key points.
- Providing examples smoothly.
Without them, the passage would feel disjointed, making it harder to follow the relationships between ideas.
Sentence Examples
- Indeed, Gazi Pir was believed to have supernatural powers that protected people from wild animals.
- The tiger is a dangerous animal; for example, it is known to attack humans when provoked.
- Gazi Pir fought crocodiles; also, he was known for taming snakes.
- He was vigilant in protecting the villagers; consequently, they were able to live safely near the forests.
List of Similar Adverbs and Phrases
For Emphasis
- Undoubtedly
- Certainly
- Truly
- Of course
- In fact
- Indeed
For Transitions
- Furthermore
- Moreover
- In addition
- However
- Therefore
- As a result
- Thus
- On the other hand
Rearranged Order:
1+6+3+4+5+2+7
Paragraph:
Gazi Pir was gifted with the power of miracles. For example, he could tame hostile animals and make them obey him. Another miracle associated with Gazi is that he could fight the crocodiles. These two examples of the miracles he performed, along with some others, are preserved in folk literature. In addition to literature, the miracles of Gazi are also portrayed in art, especially in a folk art form called paat. In fact, some of these paats are preserved even in the British Museum. This is how the British Museum pays tribute to this legendary Muslim saint and preacher.
Folk Art: A Reflection of Culture and Tradition
Folk art is a form of creative expression that emerges from the traditions and culture of a community, often passed down through generations. It is deeply rooted in the daily lives, beliefs, and customs of people, reflecting their history, spirituality, and environment. Unlike mainstream art, folk art is not typically produced for commercial purposes but serves as a means to preserve cultural heritage and convey stories, emotions, and values. One popular example of folk art is the "Gazir Paat," a scroll painting that illustrates the legend of Gazi Pir, a Muslim saint believed to protect the villagers from dangerous animals. Personally, I have experienced the beauty of folk art through the intricate designs of traditional Bengali "nakshi kantha" (embroidered quilts) and vibrant "alpana" (floor paintings) during festivals. These art forms are not only visually striking but also carry a sense of community and cultural pride, making them a significant part of our identity.
Answer Question No. H
Questions Based on "The Legend of Gazi"
1. Who was Gazi Pir, and what role did he play in Bengal?
Gazi Pir was a Muslim saint believed to have spread Islam in the regions of Bengal near the Sunderbans. He was revered for his miraculous abilities, such as calming dangerous animals, particularly the Bengal tiger, and protecting people from threats in the jungle. He was also credited with helping villagers live safely near forests and cultivate their lands.
2. What are some of the miracles attributed to Gazi Pir?
Some of the miracles attributed to Gazi Pir include:
- Calming dangerous animals like Bengal tigers and making them docile.
- Fighting off crocodiles that threatened the people living near canals and creeks.
- Keeping predatory animals in check, ensuring the safety of the local people.
- Helping villagers live and cultivate lands near forests and jungles.
3. How is Gazi Pir depicted in art, particularly in scroll paintings?
In paats or scroll paintings, Gazi Pir is often depicted riding a fierce-looking Bengal tiger with a snake in his hand, yet appearing calm and unthreatened. This artistic representation symbolizes his miraculous powers over dangerous animals and the natural world.
4. How has the story of Gazi Pir been preserved in culture?
The story of Gazi Pir has been preserved in various forms of folk literature, art, and indigenous theatre. One of the key ways it is depicted is through the Gazir paat scrolls, which are part of cultural heritage, including collections like those in the British Museum.
Follow-Up Activity Suggestion
For the group presentation on the different forms of folk art in Bangladesh, here are some ideas for each group to explore:
- Patachitra or Scroll Paintings (such as Gazir Paat and others related to religious and folk stories).
- Jatra or Indigenous Theatre (performance art based on folk tales like the story of Gazi Pir).
- Folk Music and Dance (instruments like the dhol and traditional dances like Baul).
- Folk Pottery and Crafts (including terracotta art and pottery made by indigenous groups).
- Weaving and Textile Arts (including Nakshi Kantha, a form of embroidered quilts).
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