Class eleven and twelve || Unit one: Education and Life || Lesson 4 Civic Engagement || English first paper || Bangla meaning, mcq, short questions and summary || textbook page 17,18 & 19

Class eleven and twelve || Unit one: Education and Life || Lesson 4
Civic Engagement || English first paper || Bangla meaning, mcq, short questions and summary || textbook page 17,18 & 19

Unit : One 

 Education and life

Lesson 4

Civic Engagement

Education aims to bring about positive changes in our behavior. It helps us try to change our lives as well as the society we live in. Education that does not illuminate our minds or does not inspire us to work for the community is not complete at all. Education is not all about getting grades or receiving certificates- we use education to make life better. We are expected to apply the knowledge, skills and values that we learn in a classroom in our engagement with the world that lies outside. And we can do so in many different ways. Let's have a look at how education works.

Learners' civic engagement is highly appreciated all over the world. Civic engagement means working to make a difference in the civic life (the public life of the citizens as contrasted with private or personal life) of the community using knowledge, skills, values and motivation. Civic engagement promotes the quality of life in a community by contributing to the improvement of health and wellbeing of the people.

Civically engaged individuals recognize themselves as members of a larger social community and are concerned about civic issues. They consider themselves responsible citizens who take action or raise their voices against injustice, discrimination and other forms of social ills.

In civic engagement, issues of public concern are crucial. Civic engagement includes individual or group activities to protect public interests and change the way the community values itself. For example, if you are protesting against any unjust decision of the local municipality such as raising taxes or an act that might work against people's interests, you are civically engaged and your action is considered a civic engagement. This protest can be done in different ways such as organizing rallies, collecting signatures, making human chains, writing petitions. etc. You can also help control traffic in front of a school, help children to cross the roads, work in a team to clean a park or a sea beach. You can also give some services to elderly people. These are all examples of civic engagement as what you do directly affects the community.

When civic engagement is a part of an academic programme, and the learners' engagement is assessed following a scale, then it is called service learning. It involves the application of knowledge and skills learned in the classroom and then making a complete plan of action i.e. preparing a budget, starting the process of implementation, involving people and activating operational strategies. When civic engagement is spontaneous but irregular and not a part of any academic programme, it is considered volunteerism.

Word	Meaning in Bangla	Synonym(s)	Antonym(s)
Education	শিক্ষা	Learning, Instruction	Ignorance, Illiteracy
Change	পরিবর্তন	Alteration, Modification	Stability, Constancy
Society	সমাজ	Community, Population	Isolation, Seclusion
Illuminate	আলোকিত করা	Enlighten, Brighten	Darken, Obscure
Inspire	অনুপ্রাণিত করা	Motivate, Encourage	Discourage, Deter
Knowledge	জ্ঞান	Understanding, Information	Ignorance, Unawareness
Skill	দক্ষতা	Expertise, Proficiency	Incompetence, Ineptitude
Values	মূল্যবোধ	Principles, Beliefs	Disvalues, Immorality
Classroom	শ্রেণীকক্ষ	Lecture hall, Study room	Outside, Open space
Engagement	সম্পৃক্ততা	Involvement, Participation	Disengagement, Detachment
World	বিশ্ব	Earth, Globe	None (Antonym not commonly used)
Community	সম্প্রদায়	Society, Population	Individual, Outsider
Concern	উদ্বেগ	Worry, Care	Indifference, Unconcern
Responsible	দায়িত্বশীল	Accountable, Reliable	Irresponsible, Unaccountable
Action	কার্যকলাপ	Deed, Movement	Inaction, Passivity
Justice	ন্যায়	Fairness, Equality	Injustice, Unfairness
Discrimination	বৈষম্য	Bias, Prejudice	Equality, Impartiality
Social	সামাজিক	Societal, Communal	Unsocial, Asocial
Issue	সমস্যা	Matter, Concern	Solution, Answer
Protest	প্রতিবাদ	Demonstration, Objection	Support, Agreement
Municipality	পৌরসভা	Local government, Council	None
Rallies	সমাবেশ	March, Demonstration	None
Petition	আবেদন	Request, Appeal	Rejection, Denial
Traffic	যানবাহন	Vehicles, Cars	None
Elderly	বৃদ্ধ	Aged, Senior	Young, Juvenile
Volunteering	স্বেচ্ছাসেবী কাজ	Charity, Service	None (Antonym not commonly used)
Civic	নাগরিক	Public, Civil	None
Well-being	সুস্থতা	Health, Welfare	Ill-being, Misery
Activating	সক্রিয় করা	Initiate, Start	Deactivate, Stop
Regular	নিয়মিত	Consistent, Standard	Irregular, Unpredictable
Irregular	অনিয়মিত	Erratic, Unpredictable	Regular, Consistent
Implementation	বাস্তবায়ন	Execution, Application	Inaction, Non-implementation
Motivation	প্রেরণা	Incentive, Drive	Discouragement, Apathy
Volunteerism	স্বেচ্ছাসেবিতা	Altruism, Service	None (Antonym not commonly used)
Involvement	সম্পৃক্ততা	Participation, Engagement	Disengagement, Detachment
Protection	সুরক্ষা	Safety, Defense	Danger, Risk

শিক্ষা আমাদের আচরণে ইতিবাচক পরিবর্তন আনার লক্ষ্য রাখে। এটি আমাদের জীবনে এবং যে সমাজে আমরা বাস করি তাতে পরিবর্তন আনার চেষ্টা করতে সাহায্য করে। শিক্ষা, যা আমাদের মনের আলোকসম্পাত বা আমাদের সমাজের জন্য কাজ করার অনুপ্রেরণা দেয় না, তা সম্পূর্ণ নয়। শিক্ষা শুধুমাত্র গ্রেড বা সনদ লাভের বিষয় নয়- আমরা জীবনকে উন্নত করার জন্য শিক্ষা ব্যবহার করি। আমরা যে জ্ঞান, দক্ষতা এবং মূল্যবোধ শ্রেণীকক্ষে শিখি তা আমাদের বাইরের পৃথিবীতে, সমাজে প্রয়োগ করার প্রত্যাশা করা হয়। এবং আমরা এটি অনেক ভিন্নভাবে করতে পারি। আসুন দেখি, শিক্ষা কীভাবে কাজ করে।

শিক্ষার্থীদের নাগরিক সচেতনতা সারা পৃথিবীজুড়ে উচ্চ প্রশংসিত। নাগরিক সচেতনতা মানে হচ্ছে আমাদের জ্ঞান, দক্ষতা, মূল্যবোধ এবং উদ্দীপনা ব্যবহার করে সমাজের নাগরিক জীবনে (ব্যক্তিগত বা পারিবারিক জীবনের বিপরীতে) পরিবর্তন আনার কাজ করা। নাগরিক সচেতনতা মানুষের স্বাস্থ্য ও কল্যাণের উন্নতির মাধ্যমে একটি সম্প্রদায়ের জীবনমান উন্নত করতে সাহায্য করে।

নাগরিক সচেতন ব্যক্তিরা নিজেদের বৃহত্তর সামাজিক সম্প্রদায়ের সদস্য হিসেবে অনুভব করেন এবং নাগরিক সমস্যাগুলির প্রতি উদ্বিগ্ন হন। তারা নিজেদের দায়িত্ববান নাগরিক হিসেবে মনে করেন, যারা অন্যায়, বৈষম্য এবং অন্যান্য সামাজিক অসুন্দরতার বিরুদ্ধে পদক্ষেপ নেন বা তাদের প্রতিবাদ করেন।

নাগরিক সচেতনতায়, জনসাধারণের উদ্বেগজনক বিষয়গুলো গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। নাগরিক সচেতনতা এমন একক বা গ্রুপের কার্যকলাপ অন্তর্ভুক্ত করে যা জনস্বার্থ রক্ষার জন্য এবং সমাজের মূল্যবোধ পরিবর্তন করার জন্য কাজ করে। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, যদি আপনি কোনো অবিচারের বিরুদ্ধে প্রতিবাদ করেন, যেমন স্থানীয় পৌরসভা কর্তৃক কর বৃদ্ধি বা এমন কোনো সিদ্ধান্ত যা মানুষের স্বার্থের বিরুদ্ধে যায়, আপনি নাগরিক সচেতন এবং আপনার কাজ একটি নাগরিক সচেতনতা হিসেবে গণ্য হবে। এই প্রতিবাদ বিভিন্নভাবে করা হতে পারে, যেমন মিছিল আয়োজন, স্বাক্ষর সংগ্রহ, মানব চেইন তৈরি করা, পিটিশন লেখা ইত্যাদি। আপনি বিদ্যালয়ের সামনে ট্রাফিক নিয়ন্ত্রণে সাহায্য করতে, শিশুদের রাস্তা পার হতে সাহায্য করতে, একটি পার্ক বা সমুদ্র সৈকত পরিষ্কার করার জন্য একটি দলে কাজ করতে পারেন। আপনি বৃদ্ধদের কিছু সেবা প্রদান করতে পারেন। এগুলো সবই নাগরিক সচেতনতার উদাহরণ, কারণ আপনি যা করেন তা সরাসরি সম্প্রদায়কে প্রভাবিত করে।

যখন নাগরিক সচেতনতা একটি একাডেমিক প্রোগ্রামের অংশ হয় এবং শিক্ষার্থীদের অংশগ্রহণ একটি স্কেলে মূল্যায়ন করা হয়, তখন তাকে সেবা শেখা (Service Learning) বলা হয়। এটি শ্রেণীকক্ষে শেখা জ্ঞান এবং দক্ষতাগুলি প্রয়োগ করার অন্তর্ভুক্ত এবং তারপর একটি সম্পূর্ণ পরিকল্পনা তৈরি করা, যেমন বাজেট প্রস্তুত করা, কার্যক্রম শুরু করা, মানুষকে জড়িত করা এবং পরিচালন কৌশল সক্রিয় করা। যখন নাগরিক সচেতনতা স্বতঃস্ফূর্ত তবে অনিয়মিত এবং কোনো একাডেমিক প্রোগ্রামের অংশ নয়, তখন তাকে স্বেচ্ছাসেবিতা (Volunteerism) বলা হয়।

Here are 50 essential multiple-choice questions based on the passage:

Multiple choice questions

1. What is the primary aim of education?

   • A) To get grades
   • B) To illuminate minds and inspire action
   • C) To receive certificates
   • D) To entertain students
   • Answer: B) To illuminate minds and inspire action

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an outcome of education?

   • A) Making life better
   • B) Changing society
   • C) Receiving high grades
   • D) Applying knowledge in the real world
   • Answer: C) Receiving high grades

3. What does civic engagement focus on?

   • A) Improving grades in schools
   • B) Promoting private interests
   • C) Contributing to the public life of a community
   • D) Making money
   • Answer: C) Contributing to the public life of a community

4. What does civic engagement promote?

   • A) Health and well-being in the community
   • B) Increased taxes
   • C) Education reforms
   • D) Less involvement of citizens in society
   • Answer: A) Health and well-being in the community

5. Which of the following is a sign of civic engagement?

   • A) Ignoring social issues
   • B) Taking action against injustice and discrimination
   • C) Focusing only on personal interests
   • D) Participating in private events
   • Answer: B) Taking action against injustice and discrimination

6. What are civically engaged individuals concerned about?

   • A) Their personal success
   • B) Civic issues in the community
   • C) Personal wealth
   • D) Their academic achievements
   • Answer: B) Civic issues in the community

7. What are examples of civic engagement?

   • A) Playing sports
   • B) Protesting against unjust decisions
   • C) Studying for exams
   • D) Watching movies
   • Answer: B) Protesting against unjust decisions

8. Which of the following is NOT an example of civic engagement?

   • A) Organizing a rally
   • B) Writing petitions
   • C) Helping children cross the road
   • D) Ignoring community problems
   • Answer: D) Ignoring community problems

9. What can be a form of civic engagement when done regularly?

   • A) Volunteerism
   • B) Academic study
   • C) Watching news
   • D) Participating in government elections
   • Answer: A) Volunteerism

10. What is the difference between civic engagement and volunteerism?

• A) Civic engagement is always formal, while volunteerism is spontaneous.
• B) Volunteerism is part of academic programs, while civic engagement is not.
• C) Civic engagement is motivated by private interests, while volunteerism focuses on public life.
• D) There is no difference between civic engagement and volunteerism.
• Answer: A) Civic engagement is always formal, while volunteerism is spontaneous.

11. Which of the following is an example of a civic engagement activity?

• A) Organizing a fundraiser
• B) Collecting signatures for a petition
• C) Donating to a charity
• D) All of the above
• Answer: D) All of the above

12. What does civic engagement require from individuals?

• A) Private interests only
• B) Recognition as members of a larger community
• C) Avoiding any social concerns
• D) Avoiding political involvement
• Answer: B) Recognition as members of a larger community

13. Which of the following is NOT a form of civic engagement?

• A) Protest against a local municipality's decision
• B) Volunteering to help at a school event
• C) Ignoring societal issues
• D) Raising awareness about social injustices
• Answer: C) Ignoring societal issues

14. What is the purpose of service learning?

• A) To gain knowledge in the classroom
• B) To apply classroom knowledge in real-world situations
• C) To study for exams
• D) To participate in private discussions
• Answer: B) To apply classroom knowledge in real-world situations

15. Which of the following is true about service learning?

• A) It involves only theoretical knowledge.
• B) It is part of academic programs.
• C) It is never assessed.
• D) It focuses only on volunteerism.
• Answer: B) It is part of academic programs.

16. Which action is an example of volunteerism?

• A) Organizing a school cleanup event
• B) Protesting against government policies
• C) Helping elderly people with groceries regularly
• D) Participating in a community service project
• Answer: C) Helping elderly people with groceries regularly

17. What is a key component of service learning?

• A) Gaining only theoretical knowledge
• B) Involvement in academic assessments
• C) Volunteering without planning
• D) Focusing solely on personal interests
• Answer: B) Involvement in academic assessments

18. What type of action involves a planned and structured process of engagement?

• A) Civic engagement
• B) Service learning
• C) Volunteerism
• D) Casual participation
• Answer: B) Service learning

19. How does civic engagement affect a community?

• A) It reduces public awareness
• B) It enhances the quality of life
• C) It promotes personal benefits only
• D) It causes more division
• Answer: B) It enhances the quality of life

20. What is the role of knowledge, skills, and values in civic engagement?

• A) They are irrelevant
• B) They help individuals make a difference in the community
• C) They only affect academic grades
• D) They are only useful for personal success
• Answer: B) They help individuals make a difference in the community

21. Civic engagement can be expressed in which of the following ways?

• A) Avoiding social issues
• B) Working toward a common goal to improve the community
• C) Keeping personal views private
• D) Refusing to participate in any public activities
• Answer: B) Working toward a common goal to improve the community

22. Which of the following is considered a form of public life in the context of civic engagement?

• A) Personal achievements
• B) Individual hobbies
• C) Public protests and demonstrations
• D) Family events
• Answer: C) Public protests and demonstrations

23. How does a person demonstrate civic engagement in their community?

• A) By ignoring societal problems
• B) By focusing only on personal interests
• C) By actively contributing to the community's well-being
• D) By keeping their opinions to themselves
• Answer: C) By actively contributing to the community's well-being

24. Which of the following is an example of an individual activity in civic engagement?

• A) Volunteering at a local shelter
• B) Attending a private meeting
• C) Watching a political debate
• D) Planning a family gathering
• Answer: A) Volunteering at a local shelter

25. In service learning, students are typically required to:

• A) Perform tasks without any planning
• B) Only study theory
• C) Develop a plan of action and implement it
• D) Focus on personal projects
• Answer: C) Develop a plan of action and implement it

26. Which of the following actions is associated with raising awareness in civic engagement?

• A) Volunteering for a charity event
• B) Writing a petition against a local law
• C) Ignoring political issues
• D) All of the above
• Answer: B) Writing a petition against a local law

27. Which of the following is an indicator of a responsible citizen?

• A) Ignoring public concerns
• B) Taking action for the community's well-being
• C) Only looking after personal interests
• D) Avoiding public discussions
• Answer: B) Taking action for the community's well-being

28. Which of these is an example of an activity that improves health and well-being in a community?

• A) Organizing a health campaign
• B) Ignoring environmental issues
• C) Refusing to help others
• D) Focusing only on private concerns
• Answer: A) Organizing a health campaign

29. What does civic engagement often involve in terms of social responsibility?

• A) Taking personal advantage of situations
• B) Demonstrating a lack of concern for others
• C) Participating in activities that benefit the community
• D) Avoiding any political actions
• Answer: C) Participating in activities that benefit the community

30. Why is civic engagement important for a community?

• A) It reduces public awareness of issues
• B) It helps address public concerns and improve quality of life
• C) It encourages individuals to focus on personal gains
• D) It focuses solely on individual rights
• Answer: B) It helps address public concerns and improve quality of life

31. Which of the following activities would most likely be assessed in service learning?

• A) Attending a class
• B) Protesting against a public decision
• C) Helping organize a community health event
• D) Writing an essay for a class
• Answer: C) Helping organize a community health event

32. What is the significance of being civically engaged in the context of education?

• A) It allows students to get good grades
• B) It helps students apply knowledge and contribute to society
• C) It leads to personal financial gain
• D) It only benefits the student's family
• Answer: B) It helps students apply knowledge and contribute to society

33. What is a characteristic of volunteerism?

• A) It is often planned as part of a course
• B) It is irregular and spontaneous
• C) It only benefits the volunteers themselves
• D) It is not related to public life
• Answer: B) It is irregular and spontaneous

34. How can civic engagement improve health in a community?

• A) By raising awareness about healthy living
• B) By avoiding addressing social issues
• C) By focusing only on personal health
• D) By promoting private interests over community needs
• Answer: A) By raising awareness about healthy living

35. What is one goal of civic engagement?

• A) To promote social isolation
• B) To challenge social inequalities and injustices
• C) To focus on individual success
• D) To limit public participation in community activities
• Answer: B) To challenge social inequalities and injustices

36. What is the benefit of students engaging in service learning?

• A) They gain practical experience while helping their communities
• B) They only study academic concepts
• C) They avoid social and community issues
• D) They focus solely on personal benefits
• Answer: A) They gain practical experience while helping their communities

37. Which of the following describes an aspect of civic engagement?

• A) Ignoring local issues
• B) Focusing on individual goals only
• C) Taking part in activities to improve public life
• D) Keeping opinions to oneself
• Answer: C) Taking part in activities to improve public life

38. Why is it important to apply the knowledge and skills learned in the classroom?

• A) To complete assignments only
• B) To make life better and contribute to society
• C) To receive grades
• D) To focus on personal gains
• Answer: B) To make life better and contribute to society

39. What is one way people can engage in civic activities?

• A) By protesting against harmful laws or decisions
• B) By focusing only on individual success
• C) By ignoring community issues
• D) By avoiding public activities
• Answer: A) By protesting against harmful laws or decisions

40. What does civic engagement directly affect?

• A) The individual only
• B) The community and its well-being
• C) Personal financial success
• D) Only the academic world
• Answer: B) The community and its well-being

41. Which of the following is an outcome of civic engagement in a community?

• A) Increased division among citizens
• B) Social and economic isolation
• C) Improvements in health, welfare, and social justice
• D) Decline in public awareness
• Answer: C) Improvements in health, welfare, and social justice

42. What motivates civically engaged individuals?

• A) Personal financial goals
• B) Desire to make a difference in society
• C) Desire for personal fame
• D) Avoidance of social issues
• Answer: B) Desire to make a difference in society

43. How can civic engagement be spontaneous?

• A) Through immediate reaction to injustice or inequality
• B) By following strict academic plans
• C) By only participating in formal volunteer programs
• D) Through planned and structured action
• Answer: A) Through immediate reaction to injustice or inequality

44. Which of the following is an example of civic engagement through volunteerism?

• A) Helping children cross the road regularly
• B) Organizing a protest against a political decision
• C) Writing a formal petition
• D) Planning a community event as part of a course
• Answer: A) Helping children cross the road regularly

45. What is an essential trait of civically engaged individuals?

• A) Focusing solely on private life
• B) Being motivated by personal benefits only
• C) Being concerned about the broader community
• D) Avoiding all political activities
• Answer: C) Being concerned about the broader community

46. What is the goal of service learning?

• A) To only complete classroom tasks
• B) To develop a practical action plan based on academic knowledge
• C) To focus on private benefits
• D) To avoid interaction with the community
• Answer: B) To develop a practical action plan based on academic knowledge

47. Which of the following describes a type of volunteer activity?

• A) Helping at a local event without a formal plan
• B) Following a structured program in a classroom
• C) Participating in academic assessments only
• D) Ignoring any public concerns
• Answer: A) Helping at a local event without a formal plan

48. Which of the following is true about civic engagement activities?

• A) They always involve formal planning
• B) They usually focus on personal gains
• C) They are designed to help individuals gain skills to improve their community
• D) They do not require action from participants
• Answer: C) They are designed to help individuals gain skills to improve their community

49. Which activity is part of civic engagement?

• A) Staying uninvolved in public issues
• B) Ignoring concerns of local government
• C) Actively contributing to public life and societal well-being
• D) Avoiding social interactions with others
• Answer: C) Actively contributing to public life and societal well-being

50. What role does education play in civic engagement?

• A) It only provides knowledge for personal success
• B) It encourages individuals to avoid community involvement
• C) It prepares individuals to apply their learning to improve society
• D) It teaches people to ignore social issues
• Answer: C) It prepares individuals to apply their learning to improve society

 

Short Questions and Answer 

1. What is civic engagement?

   • Civic engagement means working to make a difference in the public life of the community using knowledge, skills, values, and motivation.

2. What is the role of education in society?

   • Education aims to bring about positive changes in behavior, helping individuals improve their lives and contribute to the community.

3. What does civic engagement promote?

   • Civic engagement promotes the quality of life in a community by contributing to the improvement of health and well-being of its members.

4. What are some examples of civic engagement?

   • Examples include protesting against unjust decisions, organizing rallies, helping control traffic, cleaning parks, and assisting elderly people.

5. What is service learning?

   • Service learning is when civic engagement is a part of an academic program and learners' engagement is assessed based on a scale.

6. How does education help us make life better?

   • Education encourages us to apply the knowledge, skills, and values learned in the classroom to improve not only our lives but also the community around us.

7. Why is civic engagement important?

   • Civic engagement is important because it enables individuals to contribute to public life, address social issues, and work towards making the community a better place for everyone.

8. How can education lead to societal change?

   • Education inspires individuals to take action against injustice, discrimination, and other social issues, which can ultimately lead to societal improvement.

9. What does being a responsible citizen mean?

   • Being a responsible citizen means recognizing oneself as a part of a larger community and taking action or raising a voice against societal injustices and issues.

10. What is the difference between civic engagement and volunteerism?

    • Civic engagement is often part of an academic program, and it involves structured actions for societal change, while volunteerism is irregular, spontaneous, and not part of an academic program.

11. How can you contribute to your community through civic engagement?

    • You can organize events like rallies, help with traffic control, or volunteer to clean public spaces to contribute positively to your community.

12. In what ways can learners engage in service learning?

    • Learners can engage in service learning by applying their academic knowledge in real-world situations, preparing a plan of action, involving people, and executing strategies.

13. Why is it necessary for education to inspire students to act for the community?

    • Education should inspire students to act for the community because it helps create responsible citizens who actively contribute to the betterment of society.

14. What might be the impact of not applying knowledge learned in education to real-world situations?

    • Without applying knowledge to real-world situations, education would fail to help improve lives and society, making it incomplete.

15. How can protesting against an unjust decision be considered a form of civic engagement?

    • Protesting against an unjust decision is a form of civic engagement because it involves taking action to address issues that affect the public and striving to create change for the community’s well-being.

Summary of the passage 

The passage emphasizes the role of education in fostering civic engagement, which involves using knowledge, skills, and values to contribute to community improvement. Civic engagement helps address public issues, promotes social responsibility, and encourages action against injustices. It can include activities like protesting, organizing events, or assisting in local tasks like traffic control or helping the elderly. When civic engagement is part of an academic program, it is called service learning, which includes planning and implementing actions. Otherwise, spontaneous, irregular civic involvement is considered volunteerism. The critical theme focuses on education's potential to inspire learners to positively impact society through active civic participation.

Model Questions part 2

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Model Questions part 3

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