Model questions Part 3 || Unit Nine: Adolescence || Lesson 4: Say 'No' to Bullying || Textbook page 161, 162, || English first paper || Bangla meaning, line by line Bangla meaning, text questions and solution , short questions and summary
Globally, half of students aged between 13 and 15 worldwide around 150 million report having experienced peer-to-peer violence such as physical fights or forms of bullying, from their peers in and around school, according to the report released by UNICEF.
The report is based on data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: Cross-national Study and the Global School-based Student Health Surveys. The data include 122 countries, representing 51 per cent of the global population of children between 13 and 15.
The report finds that students experience other forms of violence at school, such as attacks in classrooms or physical punishment by teachers.
About 720 million school-age children live in countries where they are not fully protected by law against forms of physical punishment at school, according to the report.
"Education is the key to building peaceful societies, and yet, for millions of children around the world, school itself is not safe," said UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore. "Every day, students face multiple dangers, including fighting, pressure to join gangs, bullying both in person and online violent discipline, sexual harassment and armed violence. In the short-term this impacts their learning, and in the long-term it can lead to depression, anxiety and even suicide. Violence is an unforgettable lesson that no child needs to learn."
Globally, slightly more than one in three students between 13 and 15 said they experience bullying, according to the report. About one in three has been involved in physical fights.
On the other hand, 17 million young adolescents in 39 industrialised countries have admitted bullying others at school, according to the report.
While girls and boys are equally at risk of bullying, girls are more likely to become victims of psychological forms of bullying and boys are more at risk of physical violence and threats.
The report notes that violence involving weapons in schools, such as knives and guns, continues to claim lives. It also says that in an increasingly digital world, bullies are disseminating violent, hurtful and humiliating content with the click of a button.
Here’s your list — each word is followed by its Bangla meaning, synonym, and antonym
-
Reported
Meaning: প্রতিবেদন করা
Synonym: stated
Antonym: concealed -
Bullied
Meaning: দুর্বলদের ওপর অত্যাচার করা
Synonym: harassed
Antonym: protected -
Physical
Meaning: শারীরিক
Synonym: bodily
Antonym: mental -
Fight
Meaning: যুদ্ধ
Synonym: battle
Antonym: peace -
Worldwide
Meaning: সারা বিশ্বে
Synonym: global
Antonym: local -
Experienced
Meaning: অভিজ্ঞতা লাভ করা
Synonym: encountered
Antonym: avoided -
Violence
Meaning: সহিংসতা
Synonym: brutality
Antonym: calmness -
Peers
Meaning: সহপাঠী বা সমবয়সী
Synonym: companions
Antonym: strangers -
Around
Meaning: চারপাশে
Synonym: surrounding
Antonym: inside -
Released
Meaning: প্রকাশ করা
Synonym: published
Antonym: withheld -
Based
Meaning: নির্ভর করা
Synonym: founded
Antonym: independent -
Cross-national
Meaning: একাধিক দেশের মধ্যে
Synonym: international
Antonym: domestic -
Survey
Meaning: জরিপ
Synonym: investigation
Antonym: ignorance -
Include
Meaning: অন্তর্ভুক্ত করা
Synonym: involve
Antonym: exclude -
Experience
Meaning: অভিজ্ঞতা
Synonym: undergo
Antonym: ignore -
Attack
Meaning: আক্রমণ
Synonym: assault
Antonym: defend -
Punishment
Meaning: শাস্তি
Synonym: penalty
Antonym: reward -
Protected
Meaning: রক্ষা করা
Synonym: safeguarded
Antonym: exposed -
Building
Meaning: গঠন করা
Synonym: constructing
Antonym: destroying -
Peaceful
Meaning: শান্তিপূর্ণ
Synonym: calm
Antonym: violent -
Pressure
Meaning: চাপ
Synonym: stress
Antonym: ease -
Online
Meaning: ইন্টারনেটের মাধ্যমে
Synonym: internet-based
Antonym: offline -
Discipline
Meaning: শৃঙ্খলা
Synonym: regulation
Antonym: chaos -
Harassment
Meaning: হয়রানি
Synonym: intimidation
Antonym: support -
Anxiety
Meaning: উদ্বেগ
Synonym: worry
Antonym: confidence -
Slightly
Meaning: সামান্যভাবে
Synonym: a little
Antonym: greatly -
Adolescents
Meaning: কিশোর-কিশোরী
Synonym: teenagers
Antonym: adults -
Industrialised
Meaning: শিল্পোন্নত
Synonym: developed
Antonym: underdeveloped -
Equally
Meaning: সমানভাবে
Synonym: evenly
Antonym: unevenly -
Psychological
Meaning: মানসিক
Synonym: mental
Antonym: physical -
Threats
Meaning: হুমকি
Synonym: warnings
Antonym: assurances -
Weapons
Meaning: অস্ত্র
Synonym: arms
Antonym: tools -
Knives
Meaning: ছুরি
Synonym: blades
Antonym: (no direct antonym; indirectly: shield) -
Guns
Meaning: বন্দুক
Synonym: firearms
Antonym: (no direct antonym; indirectly: peace symbol) -
Disseminating
Meaning: প্রচার করা
Synonym: spreading
Antonym: suppressing
লাইন বাই লাইন বাংলা অর্থ দেওয়া হল:
In Bangladesh, 35 percent students aged between 13 and 15 reported being bullied one or more days in 30 days or involved in a physical fight at least once in 12 months in 2014, says a new report.
বাংলাদেশে ১৩ থেকে ১৫ বছর বয়সী ৩৫ শতাংশ শিক্ষার্থী জানিয়েছে যে, ২০১৪ সালে তারা গত ৩০ দিনের মধ্যে এক বা একাধিক দিন হয়রানির শিকার হয়েছে অথবা গত ১২ মাসে অন্তত একবার মারামারিতে জড়িয়েছে, একটি নতুন প্রতিবেদনে বলা হয়েছে।
Globally, half of students aged between 13 and 15 worldwide around 150 million report having experienced peer-to-peer violence such as physical fights or forms of bullying, from their peers in and around school, according to the report released by UNICEF.
বিশ্বব্যাপী ১৩ থেকে ১৫ বছর বয়সী প্রায় ১৫০ মিলিয়ন শিক্ষার্থীর অর্ধেকই জানিয়েছে যে, তারা স্কুলের ভিতর বা আশেপাশে সহপাঠীদের দ্বারা শারীরিক মারামারি বা হয়রানির মতো সহিংসতার শিকার হয়েছে, ইউনিসেফের প্রকাশিত প্রতিবেদন অনুযায়ী।
The report is based on data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: Cross-national Study and the Global School-based Student Health Surveys.
এই প্রতিবেদনটি স্কুল-যুগের শিশুদের স্বাস্থ্য আচরণ বিষয়ক আন্তর্জাতিক গবেষণা এবং গ্লোবাল স্কুলভিত্তিক শিক্ষার্থী স্বাস্থ্য জরিপের তথ্যের উপর ভিত্তি করে তৈরি।
The data include 122 countries, representing 51 per cent of the global population of children between 13 and 15.
তথ্যগুলো ১২২টি দেশকে অন্তর্ভুক্ত করেছে, যা ১৩ থেকে ১৫ বছর বয়সী শিশুদের বৈশ্বিক জনসংখ্যার ৫১ শতাংশের প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে।
The report finds that students experience other forms of violence at school, such as attacks in classrooms or physical punishment by teachers.
প্রতিবেদনটি দেখিয়েছে যে, শিক্ষার্থীরা স্কুলে অন্য ধরনের সহিংসতারও শিকার হয়, যেমন শ্রেণিকক্ষে হামলা বা শিক্ষকদের দ্বারা শারীরিক শাস্তি।
About 720 million school-age children live in countries where they are not fully protected by law against forms of physical punishment at school, according to the report.
প্রতিবেদন অনুসারে, প্রায় ৭২০ মিলিয়ন স্কুল-যুগের শিশু এমন দেশে বসবাস করে যেখানে স্কুলে শারীরিক শাস্তির বিরুদ্ধে তারা আইনগতভাবে পুরোপুরি সুরক্ষিত নয়।
"Education is the key to building peaceful societies, and yet, for millions of children around the world, school itself is not safe," said UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore.
"শিক্ষা শান্তিপূর্ণ সমাজ গঠনের মূল চাবিকাঠি, কিন্তু বিশ্বের লক্ষ লক্ষ শিশুর জন্য স্কুল নিজেই নিরাপদ নয়," বলেছেন ইউনিসেফের নির্বাহী পরিচালক হেনরিয়েটা ফোর।
"Every day, students face multiple dangers, including fighting, pressure to join gangs, bullying both in person and online, violent discipline, sexual harassment and armed violence.
"প্রতিদিন শিক্ষার্থীরা বিভিন্ন ধরনের বিপদের মুখোমুখি হয়, যার মধ্যে রয়েছে মারামারি, গ্যাংয়ে যোগদানের চাপ, ব্যক্তিগত এবং অনলাইনে হয়রানি, সহিংস শাস্তি, যৌন হয়রানি এবং অস্ত্রসহ সহিংসতা।"
In the short-term this impacts their learning, and in the long-term it can lead to depression, anxiety and even suicide.
স্বল্পমেয়াদে এটি তাদের শিক্ষায় প্রভাব ফেলে এবং দীর্ঘমেয়াদে এটি হতাশা, উদ্বেগ এমনকি আত্মহত্যার কারণ হতে পারে।
Violence is an unforgettable lesson that no child needs to learn."
সহিংসতা এমন এক ভুলে যাওয়ার অযোগ্য শিক্ষা, যা কোনো শিশুরই শেখা উচিত নয়।"
Globally, slightly more than one in three students between 13 and 15 said they experience bullying, according to the report.
বিশ্বব্যাপী প্রতিবেদন অনুযায়ী, ১৩ থেকে ১৫ বছর বয়সী প্রতি তিনজনের একটু বেশি শিক্ষার্থী জানিয়েছে যে তারা হয়রানির শিকার হয়েছে।
About one in three has been involved in physical fights.
প্রায় প্রতি তিনজনের একজন শারীরিক মারামারিতে জড়িয়েছে।
On the other hand, 17 million young adolescents in 39 industrialised countries have admitted bullying others at school, according to the report.
অন্যদিকে, ৩৯টি শিল্পোন্নত দেশে ১.৭ কোটি কিশোর-কিশোরী স্কুলে অন্যদের হয়রানি করার কথা স্বীকার করেছে, প্রতিবেদন অনুযায়ী।
While girls and boys are equally at risk of bullying, girls are more likely to become victims of psychological forms of bullying and boys are more at risk of physical violence and threats.
যদিও মেয়ে ও ছেলে উভয়েই হয়রানির ঝুঁকিতে রয়েছে, মেয়েরা বেশি মানসিক হয়রানির শিকার হয় এবং ছেলেরা বেশি শারীরিক সহিংসতা ও হুমকির ঝুঁকিতে থাকে।
The report notes that violence involving weapons in schools, such as knives and guns, continues to claim lives.
প্রতিবেদনটি উল্লেখ করেছে যে, স্কুলে ছুরি এবং বন্দুকের মতো অস্ত্র ব্যবহার করে সহিংসতা এখনও প্রাণহানি ঘটাচ্ছে।
It also says that in an increasingly digital world, bullies are disseminating violent, hurtful and humiliating content with the click of a button.
এছাড়াও বলা হয়েছে, ক্রমবর্ধমান ডিজিটাল বিশ্বে, হয়রানিকারীরা এক ক্লিকেই সহিংস, আঘাতমূলক ও অপমানজনক কনটেন্ট ছড়িয়ে দিচ্ছে।
Based on the passage, here are some multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers.
1. In Bangladesh, what percentage of students aged 13–15 reported being bullied?
A) 25%
B) 35%
C) 45%
D) 50%
Answer: B) 35%
2. How many students globally have reported experiencing peer-to-peer violence?
A) 100 million
B) 120 million
C) 150 million
D) 200 million
Answer: C) 150 million
3. Which organization released the report?
A) WHO
B) UNICEF
C) UNESCO
D) Save the Children
Answer: B) UNICEF
4. How many countries' data were included in the report?
A) 102
B) 112
C) 122
D) 132
Answer: C) 122
5. What percentage of the global population of children aged 13–15 does the data represent?
A) 41%
B) 51%
C) 61%
D) 71%
Answer: B) 51%
6. What type of violence do students experience in classrooms according to the report?
A) Only bullying
B) Only physical punishment
C) Attacks and physical punishment
D) None
Answer: C) Attacks and physical punishment
7. How many school-age children live in countries where they are not fully protected by law against physical punishment?
A) 520 million
B) 620 million
C) 720 million
D) 820 million
Answer: C) 720 million
8. Who is quoted in the report?
A) Antonio Guterres
B) Henrietta Fore
C) Michelle Bachelet
D) Kristalina Georgieva
Answer: B) Henrietta Fore
9. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a danger students face at school?
A) Online bullying
B) Armed violence
C) Friendly fights
D) Pressure to join gangs
Answer: C) Friendly fights
10. In the short term, violence at school impacts:
A) Children's health
B) Children's learning
C) Children's nutrition
D) Children's creativity
Answer: B) Children's learning
11. In the long term, school violence can lead to:
A) Depression
B) Anxiety
C) Suicide
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
12. Globally, how many students between 13 and 15 experience bullying?
A) About one in three
B) About one in five
C) About one in four
D) About one in six
Answer: A) About one in three
13. How many students are involved in physical fights globally?
A) One in four
B) One in three
C) One in five
D) One in six
Answer: B) One in three
14. How many adolescents in 39 industrialized countries admitted to bullying others?
A) 15 million
B) 17 million
C) 19 million
D) 21 million
Answer: B) 17 million
15. Boys are more likely to experience:
A) Psychological bullying
B) Online bullying
C) Physical violence and threats
D) Emotional abuse
Answer: C) Physical violence and threats
16. Girls are more likely to experience:
A) Physical violence
B) Psychological bullying
C) Armed violence
D) Online games pressure
Answer: B) Psychological bullying
17. In the digital world, bullies spread:
A) Helpful content
B) Peaceful messages
C) Hurtful and humiliating content
D) Study materials
Answer: C) Hurtful and humiliating content
18. The word "prevalence" in the passage is closest in meaning to:
A) Absence
B) Commonness
C) Scarcity
D) Rareness
Answer: B) Commonness
19. "Survivors" in the passage refers to:
A) People who cause harm
B) People who witness bullying
C) People who experience and endure violence
D) People who protest against schools
Answer: C) People who experience and endure violence
20. "Psychological" bullying mainly affects:
A) The body
B) The mind
C) The school building
D) The law
Answer: B) The mind
21. "Harassment" in the passage refers to:
A) Protecting someone
B) Threatening or disturbing someone repeatedly
C) Helping someone
D) Healing someone
Answer: B) Threatening or disturbing someone repeatedly
22. "Adolescents" are:
A) Toddlers
B) Elderly people
C) Teenagers
D) Babies
Answer: C) Teenagers
23. The word "benign" means:
A) Harsh
B) Kind or harmless
C) Violent
D) Dangerous
Answer: B) Kind or harmless
24. "Propagation" most nearly means:
A) Spread
B) Hide
C) Fight
D) Decrease
Answer: A) Spread
25. "Stereotypical" refers to:
A) Unique and different ideas
B) Common but often untrue ideas
C) Accurate facts
D) Rare qualities
Answer: B) Common but often untrue ideas
26. "Peer-to-peer violence" refers to violence between:
A) Teachers and students
B) Students and parents
C) Students and fellow students
D) Students and strangers
Answer: C) Students and fellow students
27. "Pressure to join gangs" means students are:
A) Encouraged to join peaceful groups
B) Forced to join violent groups
C) Allowed to create study groups
D) Invited to sports teams
Answer: B) Forced to join violent groups
28. "Violent discipline" refers to:
A) Rewarding students
B) Gently teaching students
C) Using physical force to punish students
D) Ignoring student behavior
Answer: C) Using physical force to punish students
29. "Every day, students face multiple dangers" means:
A) Students are always safe
B) Students only face dangers on weekends
C) Students deal with many dangers daily
D) Dangers are rare
Answer: C) Students deal with many dangers daily
30. "Disseminating violent, hurtful content" means:
A) Hiding good content
B) Sharing harmful materials widely
C) Deleting harmful content
D) Protecting online users
Answer: B) Sharing harmful materials widely
31. What part of speech is "globally"?
A) Noun
B) Verb
C) Adjective
D) Adverb
Answer: D) Adverb
32. What part of speech is "experience" in "students experience bullying"?
A) Noun
B) Verb
C) Adjective
D) Pronoun
Answer: B) Verb
33. What part of speech is "violence"?
A) Verb
B) Adjective
C) Noun
D) Adverb
Answer: C) Noun
34. What part of speech is "hurtful" in "hurtful content"?
A) Noun
B) Adjective
C) Verb
D) Adverb
Answer: B) Adjective
35. What part of speech is "protection" in "protected by law"?
A) Adjective
B) Noun
C) Adverb
D) Pronoun
Answer: B) Noun.
Here are some short questions based on the passage
1. What percentage of Bangladeshi students aged 13–15 reported being bullied?
About 35 percent of Bangladeshi students aged between 13 and 15 reported being bullied. This was reported for at least one or more days in a span of 30 days. The information comes from a 2014 report.
2. What types of violence do students face according to the UNICEF report?
Students face peer-to-peer violence such as physical fights and bullying. They also experience attacks in classrooms and physical punishment by teachers. Additionally, there are risks like gang pressure and online bullying.
3. What surveys provided the data for the report?
The data comes from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: Cross-national Study and the Global School-based Student Health Surveys. These surveys covered 122 countries. They represent 51% of the global population of children aged 13–15.
4. How many students globally have reported experiencing peer violence?
Around 150 million students aged between 13 and 15 worldwide reported experiencing peer-to-peer violence. This includes both physical fights and different forms of bullying. The number is alarming according to the UNICEF report.
5. What is said about the laws protecting children from physical punishment?
About 720 million school-age children live in countries without full legal protection against physical punishment at school. This leaves many students vulnerable to violence by authority figures. The report emphasizes the need for better legal frameworks.
6. What did UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore say about education and safety?
Henrietta Fore said that education is key to building peaceful societies. However, for millions of children, school is not a safe place. Violence at school impacts both their learning and mental health.
7. What are some dangers students face daily according to the report?
Students face dangers like fighting, bullying, and violent discipline. They are also exposed to sexual harassment, gang pressure, and even armed violence. These dangers seriously affect their well-being and future.
8. What can long-term exposure to school violence lead to?
Long-term exposure to violence can lead to depression and anxiety. In severe cases, it can even result in suicide. It has both immediate and lasting negative effects on students.
9. What percentage of students globally experience bullying?
Slightly more than one in three students aged 13–15 globally report experiencing bullying. This highlights how widespread the issue is. It also shows the urgent need for interventions.
10. How many adolescents admitted to bullying others in industrialized countries?
About 17 million young adolescents in 39 industrialized countries admitted to bullying others. This shows that bullying is not only a problem among victims but also among perpetrators. It suggests a deep-rooted behavioral issue.
11. Are girls and boys equally affected by bullying?
Girls and boys are both at risk of bullying. However, girls tend to suffer more from psychological bullying. Boys, on the other hand, are more at risk of physical violence and threats.
12. How does the report describe violence involving weapons?
The report states that violence involving weapons like knives and guns still claims lives in schools. This kind of violence makes schools dangerous places. It adds another layer of fear for students.
13. What is the impact of the digital world on bullying?
In the digital world, bullies can spread violent and humiliating content very easily. A single click can disseminate harmful material widely. Online bullying has become a major extension of school violence.
14. What is meant by “peer-to-peer violence”?
Peer-to-peer violence refers to violence between students. It includes physical fights and bullying incidents. This type of violence mostly happens in and around school environments.
15. Why is it important to protect children from physical punishment at school?
Protecting children from physical punishment is crucial for their emotional and psychological well-being. Violence can create fear and trauma that affect learning. Safe schools are essential for healthy child development.
16. How many countries were included in the surveys?
The surveys included data from 122 countries. These countries represent half of the world's adolescents aged 13 to 15. This wide coverage makes the findings very significant.
17. What long-term effects does bullying have on students?
Bullying can lead to serious mental health issues like depression and anxiety. It can also affect a student's confidence and academic performance. In extreme cases, it can lead to suicide.
18. What forms of violence happen inside classrooms?
Inside classrooms, students can face physical attacks. They may also experience physical punishment from teachers. This makes even learning spaces unsafe.
19. What is the role of education according to UNICEF?
Education is seen as the key to building peaceful and safe societies. However, violence at school disrupts the learning process. Ensuring safe schools is essential for fulfilling education’s role.
20. Why must violence in schools be addressed urgently?
Violence must be addressed because it affects both the short-term and long-term future of students. It hampers their education and damages their mental health. Solving this problem is necessary for creating a better society.
Here’s summary of the passage:
A UNICEF report reveals that in 2014, 35% of Bangladeshi students aged 13-15 faced bullying or physical fights. Globally, about 150 million students experienced peer violence. The study, covering 122 countries, shows school violence includes bullying, classroom attacks, and teacher-inflicted punishment. Over 720 million students lack full legal protection. Girls face more psychological bullying, while boys face more physical threats. Digital bullying is rising. UNICEF stresses that violence severely impacts students' mental health, education, and future well-being.
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